Методическая разработка урока по дисциплине английский язык на тему «Страдательный залог (The Passive Voice)»

Учебно–методическая карта

Вид занятия (тип урока): Обобщение и систематизация знаний, умений и навыков.

Цели занятия:

Дидактическая:

1. Научить применять приобретенные знания, умения и навыки.
2. Активизировать речевую деятельность по теме.
3. Совершенствовать навыки перевода и анализа текста по теме.
4. Совершенствовать навыки составления простых и вопросительных предложений.

Развивающая:

Способствовать развитию:

1. творческих способностей
2. логического мышления
3. внимания и памяти
4. умения сравнивать, обобщать, анализировать.

Воспитательная:

Способствовать воспитанию:

1. чувства гордости к избранной профессии, к своей Родине
2. чувства коллективизма
3. положительного отношения к учебе познавательного интереса.

Межпредметные связи.

Обеспечиваемые: английский язык.

Обеспечивающие: история, введение в специальность, обогащение.

Обеспечение занятия.

Наглядные пособия: слайды, проектор, экран, ноутбук, тексты, карточки, словари

Технические средства обучения: компьютер.

Литература:

А.В.Парахина: Пособие по переводу технических текстов.

Э.В.Санников: Грамматика английского языка.

И.П.Агабекян: Английский язык для ССУЗов.

Ход урока

Good morning, my dear friends! I am very glad to see you. Today we have guests at our lesson. You will show us the knowledge of English. The theme of our lesson is the Passive voice. At the lesson we’ll work on the text - we’ll read and translate it, make up questions, put the words in the logical order in the sentences, change the sentences using passive structures and so on. I hope you will be active at the lesson, show your knowledge. Try your best.

Let’s begin our lesson

В английском языке существует два залога глагола: действительный (the Active Voice) и страдательный (the Passive Voice). В том случае, когда подлежащее является действующим лицом, мы имеем дело с действительным залогом, например:

I read a newspaper every day.                         Я читаю газету каждый день.

(Подлежащее I является действующим лицом, и поэтому мы говорим, что данное предложение стоит в действительном залоге.)

Если подлежащее не является действующим лицом, а действие направлено на подлежащее, то в этом случае мы имеем дело с предложением в страдательном залоге, например:

The book was written by my friend.                        Книга была написана моим другом.

(Здесь действие направлено на подлежащее the book).

First, let’s remember the verbs. Name three forms of the verbs:

быть, иметь, писать, понимать, нить, строить, приносить, спать, бежать, читать

All right, now I give you the cards. You should write 3 forms of the verbs, (письменная работа по карточкам).

Fill in the missing forms of the verbs.

I вариант                                      II вариант                                             III вариант

think   … …                                be … …                                                  buy … …

… drank …                                   … become …                                          bring … …

sit … …                                        begin … …                                             … did …

… …   written                              … … done                                              … … had

have … …                                   … thought …                                         … … built

… slept …                                    understand … …                                    keep … …

… … found                                  … slept …                                              … went …

say … …                                      … … read                                               … gave …

… … spoken                                     forget … …                                       eat … …

Данное задание даны на карточках, ответы даются на экране через проектор.

I see you know the verbs. Some students of our group learn the poems in the Passive Voice. We listen to you .

From my bed I am plucked.

Various clothes are hung upon me.

To myself is served my breakfast,

Which is eaten with much speed;

Indicating my stomach is emptied in the night By the digestive processes.

About which I am taught in class one,

Where I am required to stay awake

Although 8:30 in the morning is clocked

And sleep is needed for my mind.

A yawn is stifled when it is found

That to my pleasure, class is finished.

My way is stumbled towards English,

Which is started with a "Hello, Rhetts!"

The correct response is known to be,

Quite obviously,

"Hello, Wheels!"

Let’s read and translate the text.

Text «METALS»

Metals are materials most widely used in industry be­cause of their properties. The study of the production and properties of metals is known as metallurgy.

The separation between the atoms in metals is small, so most metals are dense. The atoms are arranged regu­larly and can slide over each other. That is why metals are malleable (can be deformed and bent without frac­ture) and ductile (can be drawn into wire). Metals vary greatly in their properties. For example, lead is soft and can be bent by hand_, while iron can only be worked by hammering at red heat.

The regular arrangement of atoms in metals gives them a crystalline structure. Irregular crystals are called grains. The properties of the metals depend on the size, shape, orientation, and composition of these grains. In general, a metal with small grains will be harder and stronger than one with coarse grains.

Heat treatment such as quenching, tempering, or annealing controls the nature of the grains and their size in the metal. Small amounts of other metals (less than 1 per cent) are often added to a pure metal. This is called alloying (легирование) and it changes the grain struc­ture and properties of metals.

All metals can be formed by drawing, rolling, ham­mering and extrusion, but some require hot-working. Metals are subject to metal fatigue and to creep (the slow increase in length under stress) causing deformation and failure. Both effects are taken into account by engineers when designing, for example, airplanes, gas-turbines, and pressure vessels for high-temperature chemical proc­esses. Metals can be worked using machine-tools such as lathe, milling machine, shaper and grinder.

The ways of working a metal depend on its properties. Many metals can be melted and cast in moulds, but spe­cial conditions are required for metals that react with air.

Давайте вспомним как образуется Passive Voice?

(при помощи глагола to be и Past Participle). There are sentences in the Passive Voice in the text, find them, please.

Next task is to make up questions. I give you some sentences, you ask the questions.

Make up questions

1. Irregular crystals are called grains.

What...

2. Metals are materials most widely used in industry because of the properties.

Where ...

3. The study of the production is known as the metallurgy.

What...

4. All metals can be formed by drawing, rolling.

How ...

5. Metals can be worked using machine-tools.

How ...

6. Many metals can be melted and cast moulds.

Для выполнения следующего задания студенты делятся на пары. Задания для студентов: поставить слова по порядку и записать предложения. Проверка осуществляется через проектор.

Put the words in the logical order in the following sentences.

1. discovered, by Joseph Priestley, was, in 1774, Oxygen.
2. in the morning, the newspaper, not, brought, is.
3. every, two, given, are, apples, day.
4. to study, ini 859, at the University of Heidelberg, sent, Mendeleyev, was.
5. in 1959, Concentration Plant, opened, was.
6. for conversion, Concentration Plant, intended, of copper-zinc ore, is.
7. yesterday, photo, taken, that, was.
8. of Russian Science, called, often, is, Lomonosov, the founder.
9. Monday, written, next, the letter, will be.
10. not, tomorrow, be, will, the news, told.

Привлекаю внимание к следующему заданию. Студенты по очереди зачитывают предложения в активном залоге и изменяют их, используя пассивный залог.

Change the sentences using passive structures.

1. We widely use metals in industry.
2. Christopher Columbus discovered America in 1492.
3. Cavendish described his experiments in 1785.
4. Galileo constructed the first telescope in 1610.
5. On the 8^lh of March we celebrate International Women’s Day.
6. Mr. Mackintosh discovered rubber.
7. Thank you for your work. I can see you are good at grammar. You can use passive and active voice very well. Now it’s time to finish our work. Write your home task. Your marks... Thank you, see you next week.

Make up questions

1. What are irregular crystals called?
2. Where are metals most widely used?
3. What is the study of the production known as?
4. How can all metals be formed by?
5. How can metals be worked?
6. What can many metals be melted and cast?
7. Put the words in the logical order in the following sentences.
8. Oxygen was discovered by Joseph Priestley in 1774.
9. The newspaper is not brought in the morning.
10. Two apples are given every day.
11. The letter will be written next Monday.
12. The news will be told tomorrow.
13. Mendeleyev was sent to study at the University of Heidelberg in 1859.
14. Concentration Plant was opened in 1959.
15. Concentration Plant is intended for conversion of copper-zinc ore.
16. That photo was taken yesterday.
17. Lomonosov is often called the founder of Russian Science.
18. Change the sentences using passive structures.
19. Metals are widely used in industry.
20. America was discovered in 1492 by Christopher Columbus.
21. Experiments were described by Cavendish in 1785.
22. The first telescope was constructed by Galileo in 1610.
23. The International Women’s Day is celebrated on the 8^lh of March.
24. Rubber was discovered by Mr. Mackintosh.